This is one of the reasons I prefer android over ios. There are alternatives to Google but (correct me if I'm wrong) there's no alternative to iTunes and apples ecosystem.
My basic privacy steps on my phone are:
Don't install apps where there is a web interface. So Facebook, youtube, Google Play and Twitter are not on my phone and have no permissions.
Where I have a real distrust of a platform it gets sandboxed in it's own browser which is only used for that platform so that it can't track my browsing. Eg. Facebook.
Find alternatives for distrusted platforms. I use apkpure instead of Google play.
Use an adblock and tracking blocker in your browser. I use ublock origin and privacy badger.
Use an alternative search. As Brian mentioned above, duckduckgo is good and respects your privacy.
Turn off location services.
Turn off any and all Google services you can find.
Protonmail.com is an encrypted email provider that respects your privacy.
Don't use the cloud as a storage solution. Handle your own storage locally and use the cloud as a redundant backup. If you're really paranoid, don't use cloud services.
This is just me of course, your mileage might vary. I used to come across as a bit of a paranoid nut in years gone by but Im looking less paranoid with each revealed privacy violation.
Okay.... maybe a little paranoid...